"A new series of studies looks at another factor that may influence
overconfidence, ideas about the nature of intelligence itself. Joyce
Ehrlinger and her colleagues performed three studies looking at the effect
of two theories of intelligence on overconfidence. The two theories in
question are the notion that intelligence is largely fixed (called the
entity theory) vs the idea that intelligence is highly malleable (called
the incremental theory)."
What Causes Overconfidence?